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Mercedes-Benz, the Untertürkheim plant near Stuttgart a special access card is necessary to achieve the test during Vehicles that are driven there, along bumpy roads full of potholes, provide an overview of the future - one that foreigners are usually denied.
But on a cold winter day, the Mercedes engineers show their pride a truck of 26 tonnes which grows almost noiseless and emits no exhaust His rear axle is driven by electricity with power lithium batteries -ion, offering a range of up to 200 km 124 miles.
The automaker has already received requests from supermarket chains, which could use the electric truck to deliver goods from warehouses to individual stores in urban areas Wolfgang Bernhard, head of the truck division of Daimler, confessed there one or two years, I said never work now, it plans to launch the electric truck in 2020.
BMW, Eching near Munich engineer Maik Schoeneich work in one of the car manufacturer testing facilities here Previously, he worked abroad for BMW in Shenyang, a city in northeast China, where he had his first rewarding experience.
Whenever Schoeneich left his hotel, he had difficulty breathing, felt the need to cough and could barely see over 50 meters 164 feet before him, all because of exhaust gases hundreds of thousands of cars Back to BMW headquarters in Munich, Schoeneich began to think about the future of cars, as well as his own career.
As an expert in acoustics, he worked to minimize the noise of internal combustion engines He didn t feel like a work oriented to the future, although I still have 20 years of my career ahead of me, saith engineer, so it makes sense to do something new.
Schoeneich decided to join a new world - that of silent, zero emission electric powertrain He earned a Master of electric mobility and vehicle electrification at Munich Technical University, who helped advance his career in the business now of Schoeneich testing electric cars for BMW.
Volkswagen, a brick building in Wolfsburg A badminton court, a car race track slot and a foosball table are set up in the former foundry When Johann Jungwirth comes to work that morning, he hears the slapping sound of people playing table tennis Grand, he said after seven years in Silicon Valley, it feels like home.
Jungwirth worked at Apple in the development of driverless cars Now the work of the Chief 43 years old digital officer driving the VW group in the future Jungwirth shown to work in a blue sweater he didnt own office but in a large room office, with its staff of 50 employees, the founders of Google and Apple, Larry page and Steve jobs often visit the office - virtually, of course the quotes Jungwirth constantly, especially employment, which said famous people who are crazy enough to think they can change the world are those that do.
Jungwirth did his best, he likes the idea of transforming cities into more livable environments, because the self-driving cars do not require parking spaces in areas of the city to release all of this space, it is said it will provide more space for parks and playgrounds.
In Wolfsburg, a former executive of Silicon Valley develops scenarios for future mobility in Munich, automotive engineers are preparing for the age of the electric motor and in Stuttgart, Daimler framework wanders about an electric truck.
On one hand, this optimism has rarely been exhibited in the German automotive industry the other hand, probably has the industry never been filled with uncertainty and even existential fears.
The public's verdict is in Daimler, BMW and Volkswagen will have great difficulty preventing their decline - at best, they can delay the German car manufacturers produce air polluters with gasoline and diesel engines, they are relegated by companies Silicon Valley and will soon be beaten by the two Chinese manufacturers offer electric cars and will soon be selling self-driving vehicles hundreds of thousands of jobs are at stake in Germany and it doesn t even account for the threat of US President Donald Trump to impose tariffs on German cars built in Mexico.
The truth is that German carmakers have endangered their own future with the arrogance of the manufacturers which have been operating a successful business for over a century, they do not recognize the first challenges then they the minimized they insisted that the market would not be ready for electric cars a long time to come, they continued to invest in instead of diesel technology, as if it were part of the future.
But Tesla came, a start-up that has never built a car before, and upstaged German manufacturers with its electric car model Then Google began testing its self-driving cars in San Francisco Finally, Apple began developing the technology.
At some point, the established automakers have realized that everything was at stake was the future of mobility and the second invention of the automobile, as CEO of Daimler, Dieter Zetsche puts the survival And builders Car set.
The internal combustion engine, the heart of the car so far and much of the German automotive industry, will be replaced by a new engine in the foreseeable future the electric motor.
In the automotive industry, a mode of operation that has been the norm disappeared once considered the crucial things as will soon become redundant Electric vehicles do not require valves, pistons, air filters and throttles, no systems fuel injection, alternators, oil filters and inputs, not turbochargers, fuel pumps, catalytic converters and exhaust systems, no tanks and many other elements.
The capabilities that Daimler, VW, General Motors, Ford, Toyota and other automakers have in these areas will not be needed in the future new competitors can suddenly become technology leaders if they are particularly effective to gather batteries control software and electric motors.
Tesla has led the way in which Chinese manufacturers, which are not yet to the current standards of the internal combustion engine, are also preparing for the leap and the Chinese government supporters, in the hope that electric cars will within the industry to finally conquer the world.
Paradoxically, the internal combustion engine is endangered precisely because it is so successful there too many cars, and their exhaust, they harm the environment and human health as the reason governments in many countries and cities are eager to bring technological change, in part by regulations and laws, and partly by subsidies for electric cars and penalties for vehicles with gasoline and diesel.
China wants to impose a quota for electric vehicles major cities in Asia and Europe weigh bans on the internal combustion engine vehicles Beginning in 2020, European manufacturers could face billions in fines if they do not comply limits for CO2 emissions, which is hardly possible without electric vehicles All these elements the inevitability of the transition to electric mobility the only question is how quickly it happens and how the old technology will continue to exist in parallel.
One in seven jobs in Germany depends directly or indirectly automakers and their suppliers, companies like Bosch, Continental, Mahle, ZF Friedrichshafen, Schaeffler, Getrag and others the degree to which these jobs will be saved or replaced by new ones in electric mobility depends on how effectively the companies deal with the transition - if they are still able to do so, or if the auto industry faces the same fate as the steel manufacturers and energy suppliers gradual decline.
The old and the new worlds of the car are near each other at the BMW plant in Landshut near Munich He feels lubricating oil in the room to the mechanical ground floor in the costumes of the boiler are screwed together engines, called special motors, which are built in small numbers they have coveted jobs the work is interesting and challenging, yet it probably doesn t have much of a future.
Anyone seeking a job with prospects trying to reassigned to the second floor, where BMW produces electric motors We pioneering work here in the factory, said an employee who made the second floor.
BMW has invested 3 billion 3 2 billion in the development of its electric cars i3 and i8 The company risked far more than VW and Daimler He opened the technological route, yet it still HASN t been good business In November 2016, BMW had sold just 100 000 of its i3 and i8 models, compared with 2 million models with internal combustion engines last year.
Electric cars are more expensive and don t perform well as vehicles with customers of conventional powertrain hold There are very few pioneering see workers at the plant in Landshut, where BMW makes its electric motors one reason for this, but, is that the production of electric motors, with their relatively simple design, is highly automated.
Most work is done by robotic arms, which look like giant dentists exercises as they move behind the glass walls and automatic winding machines that roll of copper wire Although there is a sharp increase production of electric motors, it will never create as many jobs as the production of gasoline and diesel engines.
At BMW, about 4,000 jobs depend on the internal combustion engine This number is very small compared to Daimler and Volkswagen, which develop and produce more parts, such as transmissions, which BMW buys from suppliers estimates that the metalworkers union IG Metall of 250,000 jobs in Germany depend on the internal combustion engine, 65,000 are in danger.
If people around the world have started to buy anything, but electric cars next year, the consequences would be dramatic But the transition to electric mobility will be time Horst Lischka, who represents IG Metall BMW supervisory board , said that those who are flexible and willing to take on new responsibilities will still work in BMW 10 to 15 years.
Engineer Maik Schoeneich is probably one of them, he is currently involved in trials to see how electric cars react to heat and cold in southern France and northern Sweden Now that he has his diploma Graduate of electric mobility, his job is safe for now.
But Schoeneich is part of a small minority far, only 51 engineers have completed the degree program in higher electric mobility There are limits to recycling All the assembly line workers can become computer expert, we can t turn a testbed driver top professional technology, said a senior BMW executive.
Part 1 E-Mobility Gets Existential for German carmakers.
The shock eMobility Gets Existential for German Carmakers SPIEGEL ONLINE News, electrical, obtained existential.