Friday, January 12, 2018

Rio slums spread their wings BBC News

Jason Derulo - "Kiss the sky" (Official Video Clip)



Image Caption The cable car system has significantly reduced travel time for local residents.
The giant city slum or in the favelas EXPANDS hills, north of Rio de Janeiro, thousands of houses, interspersed dilapidated and flat metal roofs.
With a population of 100,000 people, the Complexo do Alemao favela is one of the largest in the Brazilian city.
It stretches more than two miles February 3 km, a maze of narrow alleys and stairs.
Amid the poverty and the apparent chaos, for visitors for the first time it seems incredible that the shanty town has its own modern cable system.
Yet it is dominating the houses homemade 155 gondolas eight seats traveling between six stations built in the favela.



Operational since July of last year, the cableway do Alemao cable car system is the most obvious example outward of how people's lives in Complexo do Alemao have been transformed by a city policy to scale called pacification.
As part of the first dramatic step pacification police armed units pacifying police units - supported by soldiers and sailors - were going into the favelas of Rio since 2008 to expel criminal gangs and establishing the first permanent police presence in what was often not -GO areas for security officials.
Image Caption Eduarda La Rocque wants social services in the favelas to be as good as in the wider city.
In the case of Complexo do Alemao, 300 police and soldiers went to the end of 2010, with tanks and helicopters They offered little resistance, as the gang members chose to flee rather than fight.
With secure shanty town, the staff of the Municipal Authority of Rio could start to go safely to ensure the second part of the pacification program - social services such as schools, health care centers, and collecting garbage.



The decision was taken by the government of the wider state of Rio de Janeiro to build a cable car system to allow residents to move much more quickly was chosen instead of roads or railway system, because the favela is so dense with houses it was the least disruptive option.
The cable cars allow residents to move from one end of the favela to the other in just 16 minutes walk, it would take two hours, and every local person receives a free return ticket every day.
The system also connects to the rail network in Rio, which allows residents of Complexo do Alemao to quickly get into the city center, and thus better able to get jobs in the real economy.
So far, 30 of the Rio favelas, many of the largest, were pacified since 2008, in favor of a combined population of 400,000 left for 1 This 1 million people still living in hundreds of other favelas around the city still benefit from pacified.
Image Caption The retail sector in pacified favelas of Rio continues to grow, with many new entrants.
Eduarda La Rocque, President of the Pereira Passos Institute at the municipal government of Rio, is in charge of social pacification.



She says that Our mission is to provide social services as good as the rest of the city, to improve the quality of life for communities.
We now have something like 150 new schools in the favelas to provide better service for children.
By improving the social conditions of the favelas released control of drug gangs, the goal is both to better help their economies, and resident employment prospects.
Ms. LaRocque said that one of the main results of the pacification program is that pacified favelas are added to the official Rio cards.



This is something very important A young man who is looking for work in the larger city, it wouldn t have had a zip code in the slums, so we introducing them to the official map of the city.
In addition, we try to provide many training courses to prepare young people access to good jobs, and there are many new companies that appear in the favelas themselves as new opportunities.
But what do the people who live in the favelas think pacification schemes.
Image Caption Professor Marcelo Neri said the challenge is to create enough jobs for young people in the favelas.
Natalaia Barros, 19, a housewife, said the good point is that we hardly hear gunshots.



Things are cleaner, there are more shops, there are more things for kids to do.
We can stay outside, there are no bandits, gang fights and so on.
However, Winderson Menezes, a student aged 16, said little crime actually increased, because the fear of gang leaders had prevented petty crime.
Before you feel safer because we knew that nobody would do anything wrong, he said.
We could sleep with the doors open and no one in your home today, everyone is afraid of being robbed in the community and many will now fly.
Prominent Brazilian economist, Professor Marcelo Neri, president of the Economic Research Institute of Applied country, says the program has been very successful pacification, but some challenges remain.


Image Caption Educational Institutions in the favelas improved.
We have done studies where we have shown that there is a very rapid increase in student proficiency in favelas areas where there were over other pacify them, he said.
Another impact on local businesses in the favelas pacified There is a growth in local businesses, but in large companies, and more companies outside.
Indeed, in a sense, the UPP pacification plan opens the economies of the favelas to the outside world, and before, they were dominated by drug gangs.



Rio in general, says Professor Neri, the program is of great value because it increases the wealth of the wider city, especially as a reduction of crime makes them less suspicious tourists to visit.
People will not just come over Rio, but also the favelas become a tourist attraction themselves, he said.
However, Professor Neri said the biggest problem of the peace plan is how the Rio economy can offer more jobs to many young people in the favelas now get a better education.
Young people are the greatest challenges of peacekeeping, how to offer opportunities to young people, I think it is a very difficult challenge, he said.



Says the pacification program is largely positive Prof Anthony Pereira, professor of studies in Brazil Kings College London ,.
I just hope that the government keeps an eye on the possible unintended consequences, he said.
You can see him do these desirable communities for those living in them haven t, young, adventurous.
I do not know of studies yet, but it could lead to gentrification and rents to rise.
However, he said that the main concern is the drug gangs have simply been moved to the pacified favelas yet, or just outside the city of Rio.
I think this is true, as there is still demand for drugs, but moving is costly for them.



With Rio set to hold a number games in the 2014 World Cup, and hosting the Summer Olympics in 2016, Professor Pereira says these events are definitely the force behind the pacification program, and it should be hosted on balance.








Rio slums spread their wings BBC News, slums, cities, their people Complexo Alemao.