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This article describes the evolution of stocks of cars and new registrations in the development of the European Union in the EU, particularly on passenger cars powered by what is called alternative fuels.
Despite an increase in recent years, passenger cars powered by alternative fuels, including hybrid cars, represented only a small part of the fleet of passenger cars in the EU in 2013. This translates by the share of cars powered by alternative fuels is low among new passenger cars registered.
Overall, the passenger car fleet in almost all Member States has increased over the past five years, the highest number of cars per capita was recorded in Luxembourg, followed at great distance by Italy Lithuania and Malta in 2013, Lithuania had by far the largest share of passenger cars more than 10 years, followed by Poland and Latvia.
Preferences regarding cars with petrol or diesel vary between EU Member States; among the Member States for which recent data are available, the cars with petrol propulsion engines represent the majority of passenger cars registered in most countries; diesel passenger cars dominate in only five Member States When looking at the gasoline and diesel engines together midsize engines dominated the passenger car fleet in most Member States; However, Malta, Hungary, Portugal and Sweden, smaller engines dominated.
1 new passenger cars to alternative fuel engine, new passenger cars from 2011 to 2013 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqr_carbua.
Table 1 passenger cars by type of engine fuel, 2013 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqr_carm.
Table 2 Cars 1,000 cars 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqs_carmot.
Figure 2 Number of passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants, 2013 1 - Source Eurostat tsdpc340.
Table 3 cars gasoline depending on the size of the engine, 1,000 cars in 2013; all cars 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqs_carmot.
Table 4 special diesel cars according to engine size, 1,000 cars in 2013; share of total sales of cars registered 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqs_carmot.
Figure 3 passenger cars by fuel 2013 engine of all passenger cars 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqs_carmot.
4 passenger cars, by age, 2013, share of total sales of cars registered 1 - Source Eurostat road_eqs_carage.
Buyers prefer new cars rather than petrol diesel cars in most Member States, while alternative fuels continue to play a minor role.
The preferences for whether a new passenger car must be powered by a gasoline or diesel engine vary between Member States in about two thirds of the Member States for which detailed data are available, registrations of new passenger cars, powered by diesel digital new petrol cars inferiority.
In Member States where diesel has dominated new listings, 58 new cars were powered by diesel engines, 38 by gasoline engines and only 4 fuel engines replacing liquefied petroleum LPG gas, natural gas, electricity and other 2013 alternative fuels one reason for the differences between Member States as to whether customers prefer to buy petrol, diesel or alternative powered cars is of national tax systems, as regarding the type of fuel the engine and to direct taxation on different fuels in several countries, there are also special incentives programs to stimulate consumers to choose low emission cars.
In 2013, the highest proportion of diesel cars among new passenger cars were registered in Latvia with 74 and Ireland with 73 new registrations in total high share of diesel cars were also noted among new registrations Lithuania 71, Spain 68 and France 67 however, passenger cars with gasoline dominated new listings especially in Cyprus 80; Estonia and Finland both 62 and 60 Malta followed, but with actions far less petrol cars.
In the countries of the EU Member States and EFTA countries for which recent data are available, an increase in the share of new car registrations powered by alternative fuels, including hybrid can generally be observed in the period from 2011 to 2013, but at a low level in most countries in 2013, the highest proportion of alternative fuels in new registrations could up being far seen in Italy 14 1 and Poland July 1 behind followed Sweden and the two EFTA countries Norway and Switzerland, the 2012 data, all three with a part 2 6 private cars with alternative fuels among new registrations However, for the vast majority of Member States, registrations of passenger cars with alternative fuels account for less than 1 of all records in 2013.
Part of the registration of passenger cars powered by alternative fuel varies in several countries; Indeed, as shown in Figure 1, the share of cars with alternative fuels in total new registrations fell from 2012 to 2013 in many countries one of the reasons behind this is the variety of government incentives to stimulate hand cars with fewer emissions, and when these incentives are introduced, fitted and finished these incentives include tax cuts, for example, subsidies or special privileges such as access to the lanes for public transport , free parking, etc. Another major influence is the number and variety of model cars with passengers offered alternative fuel engines, as well as the prices of these models.
Luxembourg has the highest number of cars per capita.
In 2013, the highest number of passenger cars registered was observed in Germany with 44 million cars Thereafter followed Italy 37 million passenger cars and France 32 million cars Over the five year period from 2009 in 2013, there was strong growth in the number of passenger cars registered in several Member States the strongest growth during this period was recorded in Slovakia and Poland, both 18, followed by Bulgaria and Estonia 16 15.
Only two Member States recorded a fall in the number of passenger cars registered during the reporting period Croatia has declined by 6 2009-2013 In Latvia, the number of registered passenger cars fell by 30 during this period; However, this is mainly due to a change in the register in 2010 procedures, where the cars that did not have a technical inspection for 5 years or more were removed from the registry Therefore, Latvian data from 2010 only can not be directly compared with data from previous years.
Among the Member States with the highest rate of motorization, i e passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants, there are several small countries Luxembourg 672 passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants; Data 2012 list; However, this figure can be influenced by cross-border workers inhabitants ie not using company cars registered in the country in second place following Italy with 619 cars per 1000 inhabitants Other countries with high car ownership include 609 cars and Lithuania Malta 608 cars.
At the other end of the scale, particularly low car ownership is registered in Romania 235 cars, despite a growth in the number of cars registered nearly 11 over the past five years, however, the rate of motorization is still much lower in candidate countries than in the Member States, with a motorization rate of 123 cars per 1000 inhabitants in Turkey and 147 cars in 2012 data in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
Passenger cars with small most common gasoline engines that medium and large motors in most Member States.
In 18 of the 23 Member States for which data are available, the majority of cars were powered by a gasoline engine in 2013. The five member states where there were more diesel cars than petrol cars were Belgium, Spain 2012 data, Lithuania, Luxembourg and Austria 2012 data.
In Malta and Hungary, more than half of passenger cars had small gasoline engines in 2013 in Malta, the share of small petrol cars was 56 the total, in Hungary it was 52 in Cyprus engines medium sized gasoline powered passenger car 51 large petrol engines can be found in passenger cars, particularly in Estonia 13 of all passenger cars and the Netherlands 11; 2011 data and the EFTA countries Liechtenstein and Switzerland 23 17; the 2012 data.
Cars with larger engines, whether gasoline or diesel powered, accounted for about a quarter of all passenger cars in Estonia, Luxembourg and the EFTA countries Switzerland, however, the EFTA countries Liechtenstein stood; more than a third of passenger cars had a big engine in 2013.
Overall, passenger cars with smaller engines generally use gasoline as a fuel; there are relatively few passenger cars with small diesel engines in the EU averages engines dominate among passenger cars with diesel engines in all Member States for which data are available This is particularly the case for countries that have greater overall proportion of diesel passenger cars powered, Luxembourg and Belgium, as well as in other countries Austria and Spain, where more than half of passenger cars were diesel large engines powered cars 55 passenger cars diesel Cyprus, 45 in Estonia and 39 in Finland.
Despite all of Europe's efforts to increase the share of low CO2 emission cars, stock cars running on alternative fuels remained low in most Member States in 2013 in most Member States, passenger cars using alternative energy sources account for less than 1 fleet of cars the most striking exceptions are Lithuania and Poland, where the share of passenger cars powered by alternative fuels reached 17 and 16 respectively in 2013 in Poland this is largely due to a high number of retro-fitted cars for LPG use other countries with significant shares of passenger cars using alternative fuels were Italy and Sweden on June 7.
Old fleets of passenger cars in the Baltics and Poland.
Several Member States have a large share of old cars 10 years or more in 2013. The Member States with the largest shares were Lithuania 85 75 Poland, Latvia and Estonia 72 64 More than half of passenger cars were over 10 years as Portugal, Malta, the Czech Republic, Romania, Finland, Croatia and Hungary on the other hand, shares of younger cars under 2 years were highest in Belgium 23, Austria 20, Ireland 18 and Sweden 17.
In 2008 and 2009, a number of countries have in place the new car purchases support programs for low emissions all breaks the old car owners The general objectives of these programs were the renewal of the passenger car fleet with emission cars, while stimulating the economy These programs have had some influence on the composition of the age of passenger cars in countries such programs have been set up in almost half of the Member States; in this context, take note of the reference year in the analysis of such data.
The joint Eurostat ITF UNECE on inland transport.
All definitions are grouped in the ITF Glossary Eurostat UNECE transport statistics, now in its 4th edition This glossary is available on the Eurostat website.
Cars automobile road vehicles, other than a moped or a motor cycle, intended for the transport of passengers and designed to seat more than nine persons, including the driver are included.
Vans mainly designed and used for passenger transport.
Excludes traffic light commercial vehicles, as well as coaches and buses, and mini-cars of engine power minibus The main type of motor energy used by the vehicle certified by the competent authority of the country registration for hybrid or double -fuelled vehicles adapted for using more than one type of motor energy such as LPG and petrol, or electricity and diesel, etc., the main type of energy from the engine should be, if possible, an alternative fuel fuel variant a of the driving type of energy other than conventional fuels, gasoline and diesel alternative fuels include electricity, LPG, NGL or natural gas CNG, alcohols, mixtures of alcohols with other fuels, hydrogen, biofuels such as biodiesel, etc. This non-exhaustive list of alternative fuels do not include unleaded petrol, reformulated gasoline or diesel city low-sulfur car ownership The number of registered passenger cars per 1000 inhabitants.
The Common Questionnaire for Inland Transport is a joint project of Eurostat, the International Forum of ITF and the United Nations Economic Commission for Transport UNECE Europe Data is provided on a voluntary basis by a number of countries, both inside and outside the European Union data are collected from reliable sources, but the data collection methods are not harmonized at EU level comparability between countries is limited as classifications used in national vehicle registers are not harmonized vehicle records may exclude taxis, pickups and vans, and can also exclude very old vehicles This article focuses on the data provided by the Member States of the EU, European free trade Association EFTA countries and EU enlargement.
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