License plate 3d Police
A demonstration of modification attempt of characters defined in the FE-Schrift font PBF The top row series is modified to read row R3E middle, red Proper aspect of R3E series is shown on the bottom line.
The font-preventing FE-Schrift Schrift Fälschungserschwerende 1 or falsification is a font introduced for use on the license plates monospaced His letters and numbers are slightly disproportionate to avoid easy modification and improve readability the machine has been developed in Germany where it is mandatory since November 2000 2.
The abbreviation PA is derived from the German word made älschungs f e rschwerend combining the name and the verb falsification Fälschung erschweren hinder Other countries have introduced later the same character or a derivative license plates enjoying the design tested for the FE-Schrift.
The motivation for creating the font was spun in the 1970s in light of the terrorist Red Army Faction when it was discovered that the then standard font for the license plates of vehicles DIN 1451 make it is particularly easy to change the letters by applying a small amount of black paint or tape, for example, it is easy to change a P R or B, 3 to 8, or a L or F to an E changes FE-font plates are a little more difficult, because they also require the use of white paint, which is easily distinguished at a distance from the white retroreflective plate, especially at night.
The original design of the font FE-Schrift character was created by Karlgeorg Hoefer who worked for the Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen Research Institute on Federal Highway in Germany when the police was slightly modified depending on the results of tests lasted from 1978 to 1980 at the University of Giessen Department of physiology and cyber psychology 3 While DIN typeface using a proportional font FE-Schrift is a monospaced font with a different spacing of letters and numbers for easy readability machine False letters FE-Schrift e.G. P R clearly appear disproportionate.
The final publication in German law for the use of the license plates includes three standard writing Mittelschrift variants - 75 mm height and 47 5 mm width and 44 letters 5 mm wide figures, narrow Engschrift scenario - up to 75 mm 40 5mm letters of width and 38 5 wide figures and a small script verkleinerte Mittelschrift - 49 mm and 31 mm letters of width and 29 mm wide figures 2 legal font includes vowels umlaut like these are occur in the German county codes beginning of the number of the license plate 4 close policy allows new characters to put on a standard license plate numbers Euro shorter are supposed to be printed with larger spaces between characters to fill space on the plate.
When the FE-Schrift was completed in 1980, the pressure for its adoption had already diminished its distribution was aided by another event being the introduction of the Euro license plate Some federal states of Germany introduced the new design in 1994 and since 1 January 1995, it was implemented throughout the country by a federal law that is to include the FE-Schrift as well as it had been in the planning since the 1970 changes legislation is the first Schengen zone up borders in 1995 with the extension of the Schengen zone in 1998, the new design of the license plate found acceptance at European level, even for countries non- Schengen thus raising the requirement and added an additional country code plate on the car when roaming in other countries is an advantage for citizens Shortly later, the option to issue an old design of the non-Euro license plate were discontinued on 1 November 2000 and the law dropped the font more for license plates alongside the FE-Sc hrift is mandatory in Germany since this time, although older license plates remain valid There is an exception for historic cars to get a new license plate in DIN font characters, and the armed forces Bundeswehr still generally issue their plates in the police DIN characters.
Other countries have started to introduce a fake script preventing, whether the management of the FE-Schrift or using a derived variant on the original design, including the Euro license plate format, is generally profitable 5 while in many countries the license plates of cars are produced by the state it is not the case in Germany in Germany, the car owner must pay for a new license plate that gets placed a license to be valid stamp on the way round stamp between the county and local code Registration code close to the vehicle registration offices several small shops compete to rely on a license plate on their machines up printing are highly standardized and design of the German license plate is adapted to allow a cheap production in high quality 6.
Bosnia and Herzegovina in 2009, the new design of the Euro-style license plate was introduced along with the police FE-Schrift characters The new design letting down the national crest of the old Euro-style plates as it has been used since 1998 is more similar to the Euro plate license.
Cuba has solved a law on a new license plate system in 2013, which opted for the Euro license plate format and FE-Schrift The rationale is to reduce costs while increasing the quality of plates with change to be completed by 5 May 2016.
Malta a conception of Euro-style license plate was introduced in 1995 and after the formal accession to the EU in 2004, the new Euro license plates were normalized on the FE-Schrift.
Sri Lanka since August 2000, with a variation of the FE-Schrift developed by a German company.
South Africa the numbering plan and number plate design was modified in 1994 who also introduced the FE-Schrift.
South Sudan originally used only on government vehicles 7.
Tanzania Namibia Zambia Sierra Leone Cameroon Botswana Mali Guinea Ethiopia Malawi Mozambique Rwanda Uganda Zimbabwe other African countries followed with Tanzania using FE-Schrift since the 1990s.
Uruguay former three-digit numbering system has been exhausted in 2001 leading to a new regime in 2002 in Montevideo which includes not only four digits, but the new design has come to use the FE-Schrift and the new design the license plate is mandatory for Uruguay since 2011.
Some countries allow the FE-Schrift as an alternative to the standard font in particular in combination with a type of license plate Euro This is often used for vanity plates for German car models, e g in Australia.
German car number plates Police, German number plates, Police.