Jeremy Polmear, cor anglais (English horn) plays Didon # 39; s Lament
The English horn is a transposing instrument launched in F a perfect fifth lower than the oboe instrument C. This means that the music for the English horn is written a fifth higher than the perfect instrument sounds actually fingering and playing technique used for cor anglais are essentially the same as the oboe and oboe players usually twice on the English horn if necessary English horn does not normally have the lowest B key is located on most oboes and thus its survey range extends E 3 written B below middle C to 6 C two octaves above middle C.
The bell pear-shaped English horn gives it a stamp that covered the oboe, closer to the sound quality of the oboe d amore While the oboe is the instrument soprano of the oboe family, the English horn is generally considered as a member of the tenor of the family, and oboe d amore acute between the two in the key as a member alto 4 English horn is perceived to have a softer tone, plaintive oboe that His appearance is different from the oboe in that the reed is attached to a slightly bent metal tube called jar or hollow, and the bell has a bulbous shape is also much longer.
The English horn is usually transcribed in the treble clef a perfect fifth higher than sounding Some composers he rated in the low key, when the lower register was used constantly, 5 and historically several other options were employed Alto Key wrote a no sampling is sometimes used, even as late as composer Sergei Prokofiev in the late-18th and early 19th century in Italy, where the instrument was often played by bassoon instead of oboe players, it was transcribed in the low kEY sounding one octave below not found in Rossini William Tell Overture of french opera composer Fromental Halevy transcribed the survey instrument in the mezzo-soprano key field, which allowed the player to play the game as if it were in the ground 4 key.
Although the instrument usually comes down to continental low B writing instruments with extension sounding low B E have existed since the early 19th century 6 examples of jobs requiring this note, recognizing the exceptional nature include gurrelieder and Gustav Arnold Schoenberg Mahler's Das Lied von der Erde Antonín Dvořák in his Scherzo Capriccioso even writes for the English horn to low A, but it seems unlikely that such an extension 7 ever existed.
Reeds to play the English horn are similar to those used for an oboe, consisting of a piece of rod bent double While cane on an oboe reed is mounted on a small metal tube of the staple partially covered with cork, no cork on a cor anglais reed, which is mounted directly on the jar of cane cane is wider and longer than the oboe reeds Unlike American-style, English horn reeds typically have wire to the base, about 5 mm 0 20 in the top of the chain used to attach the rod to the clip This wire serves to keep the two cane blades together and stabilize the tone and pitch.
Perhaps the most famous of English modern CORS manufacturers are French companies F Lorée Marigaux and Rigoutat, the British firm TW Howarth and the US firm Fox Products Manufacturers Instruments smaller, such as A Laubin are also sought the instruments are usually made of Grenadill aka passion fruit, although some manufacturers offer instruments in a choice of alternative wood and, as Howarth cocobolo wood or purple Lorée that says to change the voice of the English horn a bit, making known yet softer and warmer Fox recently made some instruments plastic resin and maple.
The term English horn is French for English horn, but the instrument is nor England, nor in connection with various brass instruments called conical bore horns, like the French horn natural horn post horn or horn the alto instrument originating Silesian about 1720, when the bell of the ampoule was mounted on an oboe da caccia like body curved by Weigel family Breslau both keyed, open-flared french right tenor oboe size oboe oboe tenor, especially the oboe flared thrust da caccia resembled horns played by angels in the religious images of the Middle Ages This resulted in German-speaking Central Europe to the Middle high German name engellisches means horn angelic horn Because engellisch also meant the English vernacular of the time, the angelic horn became the English horn in the absence of a better alternative, curve, you flared oboe bulb coach then kept the name even after the oboe da caccia has fallen into disuse around 1760 8 the name f appeared IRST on a regular basis in the Italian scores, Germany and Austria from 1741 on, usually in the Italian form Corno Inglese 9.
The oldest known orchestral part specifically for the instrument in the Vienna version of Niccolò Jommelli of Ezio opera dating from 1749, 10 where it was given the name Italian Corno Inglese 11 Gluck and Haydn have followed suit in the years 1750 12 and the first English horn concertos were written in the 1770s given the name English horn, it is ironic that the instrument has not been used regularly in France before 1800 or before in England in the 1830s 12 Penny Cyclopedia in 1838 the English horn or Corno Inglese, is deeper oboe tone, while the first printed use of the term identified English horn in English was 13 in 1870 in the UK the instrument is colloquially commonly referred horn name 4 local equivalent for English horn is used in most other European languages, while some languages use the alto oboe equivalent.
Because of the first rubbed or angular forms it has taken, the suggestion was made that English could be a corruption ANGlE angular Middle French or bent at an angle, angular modern French, 14 but this was rejected reasons he is no evidence of the term horn angle before it is offered a possible origin in the late 19th century English 15.
English horn, English, notated low key, perfect fifth higher.